Relationship between cytokine pattern and lipopolysaccharides of diabetics and normoglycemics: a case-control study

Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease with a multifactorial etiology, triggered by the host's immune-inflammatory response to the periodontopathogens, manly gram-negative bacteria, present in the subgingival biofilm. Systemic conditions, such as diabetes mellitus (DM), can alter this response through immunological and microbiological changes. Studies have shown that DM promotes a dysbiotic pattern of biofilm, which may alter endotoxin content in the subgingival environment. Thus, the present study aims to evaluate the relationship between cytokine profile and lipopolysaccharide levels in the subgingival environment of diabetic and non-diabetic subjects.