Penilaian elemen kualiti udara dalaman dan kaitannya terhadap simptom kesihatan pekerja di pejabat kerajaan sekitar Wilayah Persekutuan Putrajaya

Penurunan kualiti udaran dalaman (IAQ) mempunyai kesan langsung kepada permasalahan kesihatan pekerja di sesebuah bangunan. Suhu, kelembapan relatif, kadar aliran pengudaraan dan bauan merupakan aspek yang digunakan untuk menentukan impak IAQ yang dihadapi oleh pekerja pejabat. Kajian ini dijalankan bagi menilai elemen-elemen IAQ dan menganalisis simptom kesihatan pekerjaan yang berkaitan dengan IAQ. Kajian telah dilakukan melalui maklum balas yang diperoleh daripada 562 pekerja di sembilan buah pejabat kerajaan sekitar Pusat Pentadbiran Kerajaan Persekutuan Malaysia, Putrajaya melalui borang soal selidik yang disediakan dan data kajian telah dianalisis menggunakan kaedah analisis deskriptif. Keputusan awal analisis deskriptif menunjukkan bahawa 52.3 peratus atau lebih separuh pekerja pejabat pernah menghadapi kesan terhadap ketidaksempurnaan IAQ. Seterusnya, keputusan analisis lanjut mengambarkan bahawa 41.8 peratus pekerja pejabat pernah menghadapi pelbagai simptom penyakit semasa berada di pejabat. Antara simptom penyakit yang signifikan dialami oleh pekerja pejabat ialah bersin, sakit kepala dan tekanan di tempat kerja. Manakala, 44.5 peratus atau lebih pekerja yang mengalami simptom penyakit semasa berada di pejabat telah pulih apabila meninggalkan pejabat. Keadaan ini menunjukkan terdapatnya ketidaksempurnaan IAQ yang sekaligus menimbulkan kesan simptom kesihatan kepada pekerja pejabat. Keadaan sebegini boleh dianggap bahawa pejabat di kawasan kajian ini mengalami sindrom penyakit bangunan atau penyakit berkaitan bangunan. Justeru itu langkah penambahbaikan terhadap elemen IAQ perlu diambil bagi mengatasi masalah ini. Kata kunci: kadar aliran udara, kelembapan relatif, simptom penyakit, suhu Decrease indoor air quality (IAQ) has a direct impact to occupational health problems in a building. Temperature, relative humidity, ventilation flow rate and odour are the aspects that being used to determine the impact of IAQ faced by office workers. This study was conducted to evaluate the elements of IAQ and analyze the occupational health symptoms associated with IAQ. The study was conducted through the feedback of 562 employees in nine governmental offices around the Federal Government Administrative Centre of Malaysia, Putrajaya through questionnaires prepared and data were analyzed using the descriptive analysis method. Prelimininary results of the descriptive analysis showed that 52.3 percent or more office workers have experienced the effects of IAQ imperfections. Next, the results of further analysis showed that 41.8 percent or more office workers have experienced the various symptoms of the illness while in office. Among the significant symptoms of illness experienced by office workers are sneezing, headache and stress at work. Meanwhile, 44.5 percent or more employees who suffer from symptoms of the disease while in office have recorvered when leaving office. This condition shows the imperfections of IAQ that at the same time poses health-related symptoms to office workers. Such a condition can be considered that the office of this study has a building illness or building-related illness syndrome. Therefore, improvement measures on IAQ elements need to be taken to overcome this problem. Keywords: Air flow rate, relative humidity, sysptoms of disease, temperature