3D打印在脊柱外科的应用现状与未来

The latest and fast-growing innovation in the orthopedic field has been the advent of 3D printing ( 3DP ) technology, which has been recently applied in the production of low-cost, patient-specific medical implants. As the development of clinical medicine and other interdisciplinary areas, digital design and 3DP get combined, and the individualized treatment in the orthopedic field has been significantly improved. Currently, the applications of 3DP are cutting-edge in the field of spinal surgery widely. Spinal surgery is very complex and the risk is extremely high considering its complicated anatomical structure and adjacency to important nerves and blood vessels. Significantly, 3DP applications in spinal surgery have potential to improve surgical outcomes through the establishment of the preoperative diagnosis and surgical planning, surgery simulation, intraoperative neuronavigator, surgical education, custom manufacturing ( implants, prosthetics and surgical guides ) and bone tissue engineering. The 3DP technology can provide innovative ideas for developing individual treatment programs, improving the accuracy and safety of surgery, simplifying the surgical process and reducing the operation time. However, the development level of 3DP at present is not balanced, and there is no standard to follow, difficulty in charging and other problems. The problems about policies and techniques are urgent to be resolved.