Interventions to reduce waste and improve billing compliance with medications in single-dose vials

Purpose The purpose of this process improvement project was to implement features in the electronic health record to help reduce inappropriate drug waste and Medicare billing noncompliance for injectable drugs in single-dose vials in outpatient settings. Methods The pharmacy department mapped processes from order entry to dose administration and claims processing. They used the process map to identify gaps that could lead to inappropriate drug waste. The organization then chose 3 drugs they believed to be at high risk of excess waste and possible billing noncompliance after cross-referencing drug cost, volume of use, and previous Medicare audits in outpatient settings. They tested a grouper and dose rounding on these drugs and compared 3 months of claims before and after implementation to assess the impact on waste and billing compliance. Results This study evaluated 826 claims before implementation and 1,075 claims after implementation. A total of 455 of 826 (55.1%) preimplementation claims included drug waste compared to 224 of 1,075 (20.8%) postimplementation claims. Twenty-three claims before implementation included an amount of waste exceeding the smallest vial size, putting the institution at risk of billing noncompliance. No claims had excess waste in the postimplementation period. The approximate cost of total drug waste before implementation was $1,397,437, with approximately $23,730 from inappropriate carfilzomib claims. The approximate cost of waste after implementation was $569,041. This equated to a reduction in drug waste of approximately $828,396 for bevacizumab-bvzr, carfilzomib, and ipilimumab. Conclusion Using a grouper and implementing dose rounding, the institution reduced drug waste, saved money, and reduced the incidence of claims noncompliant with Medicare Part B billing requirements.