Real-Life Efficacy And Safety Of Ustekinumab As Second- Or Third-Line Therapy In Crohn'S Disease: Results From A Large Italian Cohort Study

OBJECTIVE: Ustekinumab (UST) is an anti-IL12/23 antibody for the treatment of Crohn's Disease (CD). The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of UST in a large population-based cohort of CD patients who failed previous treatment with other biologics.PATIENTS AND METHODS: 194 CD patients (108 males and 86 females, mean age 48 years (range 38-58 years) were retrospectively reviewed. 147 patients were already treated with anti-TNF alpha (75.8%), and 47 (24.2%) patients were already treated with anti-TNF alpha and vedolizumab. Concomitant treatment with steroids was present in 177 (91.2%) patients.RESULTS: At week 12, clinical remission was achieved in 146 (75.2%) patients. After a mean follow-up of 6 months, clinical remission was maintained in 135 (69.6%) patients: at that time, mucosal healing was assessed in 62 (31.9%) patients, and it was achieved in 33 (53.2) patients. Three (1.5%) patients were submitted to surgery. Steroid-free remission was achieved in 115 (59.3%) patients. Both serum C-Reactive Protein and Fecal Calprotectin (FC) levels were significantly reduced with respect to baseline levels during follow-up.A logistic regression, UST therapy as third-line therapy (after both anti-TNF alpha and vedolizumab), FC >200 mu g/g, and HBI >= 8 were significantly associated with lack of remission.Adverse events occurred in 5 (2.6%) patients. and four of them required suspension of treatment.CONCLUSIONS: UST seemed to be really effective and safe in CD patients unresponsive to other biologic treatments, especially when used as second-line treatment.