The automatic recognition of ceramics from only one photo: The ArchAIDE app

•Identification of archaeological pottery is a repetitive time-consuming activity.•Pottery recognition can be achieved using Artificial Intelligence and Neural Networks.•Lack of real-world archaeological data to train algorithms is a compounding challenge.•Design of novel data generation and re-weighting techniques are used for tackling the challenges.•Results represent an advance on the road to automated pottery classification.