Effect of extraction solvent on in vitro anti-inflammatory, antioxidant activity, total phenol and flavonoid contents in Codonopsis lanceolata

Many plant products from medicinal herbs are historically important for the treatment and prevention of diseases. Medicinal plants are showing a wide range of activities like antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-aging. This study was investigated to evaluate the phenolic content, DPPH, ABTS radical scavenging rate, and anti-inflammatory activity from Codonopsis lanceolata (CL) root extract. Total polyphenol and flavonoid content showed the highest amount in 30% EtOH extract of CL and followed by 90 °C hot water extract. The DPPH, ABTS radical scavenging activity was also found that the increase was proportional to the concentration, the highest amount in 30% EtOH extract. Cell viability of RAW 264.7 cell for CL extracts was not significantly changed by extracts up to a concentration of 200 µg/mL, and it was confirmed that the macrophage cell showed little toxicity. LPS-treated experimental group significantly inhibited NO production. The effect of extracts of CL against inflammatory mediators (TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β) production showed that the anti-inflammatory activity was most excellent in 30% EtOH. These results suggested that CL extracts tested here have potential anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity, and these effects are differences depending on the extraction solvent.