Pampas deer, armadillos and coypus: Autochthonous mammals and land use changes, agri-cultural managements and presence of new elements in the rural landscape

Agriculture has been and still remains as a huge transforming power of our planet. In Argentina, agroecosystems of the pampas have also changed accordingly, led by agricultural expansion and the massive adoption of no-till system, along with territorial reorganization and intensification of livestock production. In turn, infrastructure (roads, channels, trenches) imposed new configurations to the rural landscape. How mammals have responded to these changes? Here we summarize the results recorded, among which we note: 1) a marked differential use of plots by the two most common species of armadillos, large hairy armadillos (Chaetophractus villosus) more active in crop stubbles and southern long-nosed armadillos (Dasypus hybridus) more active in paddocks under livestock use, 2) the coexistence of Pampas deer (Ozotoceros bezoarticus) and cattle is only possible under grazing systems that provide resting periods to paddocks or under low stocking schemes, and 3) that coypu (Myocastor coypus) differentially use artificial channels in drier periods. Opportunities and challenges derived from these responses are discussed for the conservation of endangered species or the management of potentially conflicting species, as well as some future research needs are identified in terms of changes that continue to operate on these systems. © SAREM, 2017.