IFNL4 rs12979860 polymorphism influences HBV DNA viral loads but not the outcome of HBV infection in Moroccan patients

Objectives: The interferon (IFN) is known to bridge innate and adaptive immune responses, and to play a critical role particularly against hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Defects in IFN signals may result, therefore, in attenuated responses against HBV. Accordingly, polymorphisms in genes coding for immune response effectors may affect the clinical outcome of HBV infection. We analyzed the putative association between IFNL4 rs12979860 polymorphism and the outcome of HBV infection in Moroccan patients.Methods: In this study, 237 chronic HBV (CHB) patients and 129 spontaneously resolved HBV (SRB) individuals were enrolled and genotyped using a predesigned Taqman allelic discrimination assay.Results: Our data show a significant increase of HBV DNA loads in patients with IFNL4 rs12979860 CC genotype compared to patients with CT and TT genotypes (p = 0.0008). However, there was no consistent association between IFNL4 rs12979860 polymorphism and the outcome of HBV infection.Conclusions: Although IFNL4 rs12979860 polymorphism seems to modulate circulating HBV DNA levels, it is disconnected from chronic disease progression. This observation suggests that the role of rs12979860 in liver disease is restricted to viral control and inactive in the deleterious immune pathology that affects liver tissue. Taken together, our data suggest that rs12979860 CC genotypes could be useful as a predictor of success or failure of IFN- based therapy in chronic HBV-infected patients. (C) 2021 Institut Pasteur. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.