Possible Studies at the First Stage of the NICA Collider Operation with Polarized and Unpolarized Proton and Deuteron Beams

Nuclotron based Ion Collider fAcility (NICA) project is in progress at the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research and will start experiments with heavy ions. In the context of the NICA hadronic physics programme double polarized pp -, dd - and pd -collisions even at lower energies of √(s_NN) = 3.4 1pt - 1pt 10 GeV, which will be accessible already at the initial stage of experiments,are essential tools for precise studying the spin dependence of the nucleon–nucleon strong interactions, in both elastic and deep-inelastic regimes. A special interest is interaction in few baryon systems at double strangeness, charm and beauty thresholds.For instance, polarized large-angle elastic pp and pn scattering near the charm threshold allows one to get an access to properties of possible exotic multiquark states and their relation to the states recently observed at LHCb.Large angle scattering of protons and deuterons on the deuteron contains unique information on the short-range structure of the deuteron, its nonnucleonic degrees of freedom and also on color transparency phenomenon. Furthermore, double polarized proton–deuteron scattering offer a possibility to test the Standard Model through the search for time-invariance (or CP-invariance under CPT symmetry) violation and parity-violation in single-polarized scattering. This paper contains suggestions for experiments with usage of the Spin Physics Detector (SPD) and discusses perspectives of the first stage of the SPD Programme. This includes experiments with nonpolarized beams too as well as collisions like 12 С– 12 С and 40 Сa– 40 Ca.