Developmental change in early language and cognitive skills of institution-reared children as compared to their parent-reared peers

•All children showed increase in theory of mind and executive function in a year.•Institution-reared children showed a decrease in receptive language.•Low SES parent-reared children showed no change in receptive language.•Middle and high SES parent-reared children showed increase in receptive language.•Gaps between institution-reared and parent-reared children remained.