An in-situ reactive zone with xanthan gum modified reduced graphene oxide supported nanoscale zero-valent iron (XG-nZVI/rGO) for remediation of Cr(VI)-polluted aquifer: Dynamic evolutions of Cr(VI) and environmental variables
Journal of environmental chemical engineering(2020)
Abstract
Abstract Xanthan gum (XG) as an excellent stabilizer has been utilized to enhance the stability of reduced graphene oxide-based nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI/rGO). However, Cr(VI) removal and environmental variable evolution of in-situ reactive zones using XG-nZVI/rGO as a remediation agent are not well understood. In this study, in-situ remediation of Cr(VI)-contaminated aquifer using XG-nZVI/rGO in three-dimensional sandbox was investigated. Results showed that XG-nZVI/rGO could form an in-situ reaction zone in the aquifer and effectively remove Cr(VI) downstream of the injection for 108 h. The injection of XG-nZVI/rGO could change the aquifer conditions from oxidizing into reducing environment by significantly reducing dissolved oxygen and oxidation-reduction potential of the reaction zone, which would provide favorable conditions for Cr(VI) removal. Meanwhile, solution pH of the aquifer did not fluctuate before and after XG-nZVI/rGO injection, indicating that remediation would not significantly change the acid-alkaline system. The process did not produce a great quantity of Fe2+, which was toxic to environmental microorganisms.
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Key words
XG-nZVI, rGO, Cr(VI), In-situ remediation, Solution chemistry evolution, Aquifer
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