Transnasal Endoscopic Surgery for Juvenile Angiofibroma Involving the Pterygopalatine Fossa

Juvenile angiofibroma (JA) is an uncommon, locally invasive, highly vascular and benign tumor that occurs in adolescent males.Established external surgical procedures for resection of JA include lateral rhinotomy, midfacial degloving, and transpalatal or infratemporal approaches; however, transnasal endoscopic approaches are increasingly being used because of advances in surgical techniques and endoscopic instrumentation.We report the case of a 14-year-old male who presented with left nasal obstruction and repeated epistaxis.A smooth reddish and hemorrhagic tumor was found in the left posterior nasal cavity.Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging showed a markedly enhanced tumor of approximately 40 mm in diameter that had obstructed the left posterior nasal cavity and nasopharynx, with occupancy of the pterygopalatine fossa.The