Treosulfan- Versus Melphalan-Based Reduced Intensity Conditioning In Sequential Hla-Haploidentical Transplantation Using Ptcy As Gvhd Prophylaxis In High-Risk Mds /Aml Of The Elderly: A Matched-Pair Analysis

Haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (haplo-HSCT) using T-cell-replete grafts and post-transplantation cyclophosphamide (PTCY) provides a popular curative approach for older patients (pts) with high-risk (HR) MDS/AML. The sequential therapeutic concept herein, is used to optimize disease control and gain time, especially in patients suffering from active disease at time of haplo-HSCT. Yet, sequential conditioning regimens prior to haplo-HSCT are often associated with a considerable risk of severe adverse events especially in older comorbid patients. Previous studies in the HLA-matched setting have demonstrated feasibility and safety of treosulfan-based reduced intensity conditioning (RIC) by stable engraftment and low non-relapse mortality (NRM). However, data for treosulfan-based conditioning in the unmanipulated HLA-haplo-HSCT setting in HR AML/MDS pts are rare, especially in the context of sequential conditioning.