Development of Fraud Prevention (FP) Model Using the Theory of Planned Behavior

Fraud is a global issue overwhelming all aspects of human economic and business activities as it poses potential threat of financial losses. Many detection and prevention mechanisms, such as internal control systems, operational audits, codes of conduct and forensic accounting have been applied in organizations aiming to effectively mitigate internal fraud activities. However, fraud is still occurring. This study is therefore aimed to develop a multidimensional theoretical model which explains factors (categorized under attitude, subjective norms and perceived behavioral controls) that influence Levers of Controls (LOC); how level of LOC could influence fraud prevention framework as well as whether LOC could mediate the relationship between planned behavioral variables and effective fraud prevention framework. Concerning more on the adoption and post-adoption stages regarding drivers of LOC, this study constructs a model in attempt to close the knowledge gaps found in prior studies. From literature review, theories relating with fraud prevention and behavioral controls were examined to identify knowledge gaps within previous measurements of effective fraud prevention framework. A multidimensional Fraud Prevention (FP) model is then developed by innovating the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB).