Antiparasitic activity of myrrh crude extract and myrrh volatile oil compared to albendazole against trichinella spiralis muscular larvae in vitro

Trichinellosis is a foodborne zoonotic disease caused by T. spiralis affecting human and animals.Treatment with commercially available drugs has not been satisfactory due to rapid developmentof drug-resistant particularly against encapsulated larvae. There is an increasingneed to discover alternative anthelminthics agents from medicinal plants. The present studyevaluated the in vitro antiparasitic activities of myrrh crude extract and myrrh volatile oil on T.spiralis larvae compared to albendazole to estimate their sublethal concentrations on the infectivityof T. spiralis larvae in mice. The in vitro effect of these agents was evaluated by assessingmortality rate and by a scanning electron microscopic analysis of ultrastructural changes inthe cuticle of the larvae. The surface changes induced by crude myrrh extract and albendazolewere more severe than those observed after exposure to myrrh volatile oil. All responses to thesubstances were time dose-dependent and highly significantly different from the control group (p < 0.001). 100% mortality rate of larvae occurred on the 4th day at 3, 5, &7mg/ml of myrrh crudeextract, on the 7th day with volatile oil while total larval death occurred on the 1st day of exposurein to 5, 10, 15 & 20μg/ml of albendazole. In vitro exposure to sublethal dose of albendazole,crude myrrh extract and volatile oil extract resulted in infectivity reduction by 100%, 98%& 88% respectively in intestinal phase and 100%, 98% &59% respectively in muscular phase.