Effects of elevation-dependent climate warming on intra- and inter-specific growth synchrony in mixed mountain forests

•Inter-specific synchrony is always lower than intra-specific synchrony.•Species asynchrony in growth occurs at short- and mid- to long-term.•Synchrony in growth response to inter-annual variation increases with site elevation.•There is an increasing trend in synchrony during the last century at lower elevations.•Temporal changes of synchrony are species-specific and linked to climate warming.