Multi-objective bi-level photovoltaic access planning based on copula theory and included angle cosine method

A multi-objective stochastic bi-level programming method for PV access planning is proposed by cooperating both the Copula theory and included angle cosine method. In order to consider the effect of dependent uncertain irradiance on distribution network operations, the scenarios for correlated uncertain irradiance are obtained by combining the Copula theory and Latin hypercube sampling. Then, to coordinate the distribution network loss and voltage violation, included angle cosine method is applied to determine the weight of different objective functions in the programming model. In addition, the optimal power flow model of the radial distribution network is approximated by second-order cone programming losslessly. The case study verifies the feasibility of the proposed model.