Evaluation of the WRF applied on Urban Heat Islands coupled to Noah-MP Land Surface Models Over Jakarta

Jakarta area with high built-up areas and CO2 emission cause urban heat island (UHI). The characteristics of UHI, such as temperature and wind must be known in order to overcome UHI problems. In this study, urban heat islands in Jakarta is simulated using Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model coupled with Noah-MP Land surface model. The aim of the study is to evaluate the WRF-urban modeling system's performance. The method used is by conducting Building Effect Parameterization ( BEP) scheme experiments in WRF simulation with high spatial resolution (1 km horizontal grid spacing) then compare to observation data during vernal equinox day (day without a shadow) on 14th - 16th March 2018 and 8th - 10th Oct 2018 over Jakarta metropolitan area. The results show that the correlation of near-surface air temperature and wind speed in March is better than in October, while the wind direction has a better correlation in October. Concerning the urban areas, Central and west Jakarta has the highest temperature area on March 15th,2018, with the highest temperature was 32.7 degrees C at Kemayoran. Meanwhile, only west Jakarta area has the highest temperature (>32 degrees C) on October 9th2018, with the highest temperature was 32.16 degrees C at Cengkareng.