Analysis of Energy Absorption Characteristics of Typical High-Strength Steel Based on Drop Test

The drop test is an important method to analyze the energy absorption characteristics of materials, which causes the sample to collapse axially and absorb energy by initial energy impact. Hat-shaped beam is a typical structure of energy absorber of front longitudinal beam of automobile. It is widely used for its lightweight, high strength, and good energy absorption. Select four typical high-strength steels: HC340LAD + Z, HC420/DP780D + Z, HC550/DP980D + Z, and TRIP690, the cap girder structure is obtained through stamping and welding, and the test is taken based on the drop test. According to the test results, evaluation indexes such as energy absorption ratio, load ratio, maximum load, and average load are obtained, and the energy absorption characteristics of the materials are compared and analyzed. The results show that the energy absorption characteristics of different materials are quite different, and the energy absorption ratio of the materials tends to decrease gradually as the material strength increases.