Optimization of ultrasound and microwave-assisted extraction of phenolic compounds from olive leaves by response surface methodology
RESEARCH JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY(2019)
Abstract
Plant secondary metabolites, phenolic compounds have been extensively studied and are commonly used as antioxidants for a wide range of applications. The response surface methodology (RSM) based on a central composite design was applied to determine the optimum conditions for the ultrasound (UAE) and microwave-assisted extractions (MAE) of polyphenol and flavonoid components from olive leaves (Olea europaea L.). For UAE, two operational variables were evaluated: liquid/solid ratio (l/s ratio) (4, 12 and 20) and the extraction time (10, 25 and 40 min). For MAE, three process variables were evaluated: liquid/solid ratio (4, 12 and 20), the extraction time (1, 3 and 5 min) and the power (100, 200 and 300W). The total polyphenol content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) were significantly influenced by liquid/solid ratio. In fact, the RSM applied for UAE showed that 37.07 of the liquid/solid ratio and the time of 28.69 min were the optimum conditions. The RSM applied on MAE showed the optimal extraction conditions obtained by using liquid/solid ratio of 16.76, extraction time of 1.81 min and the power of 259.46 W. The MAE represented an interesting alternative protocol for rapid, economic and high eco-extraction using water as green solvent.
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Key words
Optimization,Response surface methodology,Microwave,Ultrasound,Polyphenols contents,Flavonoids contents
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