New technologies applied to rehabilitation in elderly patients: a pilot study on the step training system

Introduction. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of the Step Training System (STS, an exergame appropriate for training) in old frail patients undergoing rehabilitation. In particular, we focused our attention on factors, such as physical and cognitive functions, which could interfere with an appropriate use of this technology; moreover, we assessed the degree of enjoyment and satisfaction experienced by patients during the training period. Methods. From 1st October 2009 through 31st January 2010, we enrolled 44 elderly patients admitted to the Geriatric Rehabilitation ward of the Prince of Wales Hospital of Sydney. All patients have practiced the STS daily with different speed levels, based on patient's capabilities. At the end of the study period, patients were divided into two groups: poor performers, which have been unable to improve speed velocity over basal speed at the STS, and good performers, including those patients that improved their performances over time. Results. The mean age of the patients was 82.8 years, the mean number of comorbidities was 6.3 per patient, and all patients showed mild cognitive and functional impairment. Fifty two percent of patients reported at least one fall in the previous year. By comparing the 2 groups, good performer patients were more likely to live alone (p = 0.046) and to have an higher score at the cognitive tests. Patients' satisfaction was very high (97% of the patients reported a good-great experience). Discussion. Taking together the results of the present pilot-study demonstrate the utility of the STS in old patients undergoing rehabilitation.