Energy efficiency optimization for heterogeneous cellular networks modeled by Matérn hard-core point process

The Poisson point process (PPP) has been widely used in wireless network modeling and performance analysis due to the independence between its nodes. Therefore, it may not be a suitable model for many of the exclusive networks between the nodes. This paper analyzes the energy efficiency (EE) and optimizes the two-tier heterogeneous cellular networks (HetNets). Considering the mutual exclusion between macro base stations (MBSs) distribution, the deployment of MBSs is modeled by the Matérn hard-core point process (MHCPP), and the deployment of pico base stations (PBSs) is modeled by the PPP. We adopt a simple approximation method to study the signal to interference ratio (SIR) distribution in two-tier MHCPP-PPP networks and then derive the coverage probabilities, the average data rates and the energy efficiency of HetNets. Finally, an optimization algorithm is proposed to improve the EE of HetNets by controlling the transmit power of PBSs. The simulation results show that the EE of a system can be effectively improved by selecting the appropriate transmit power for the PBSs. In addition, two-tier MHCPP-PPP HetNets have higher energy efficiency than two-tier PPP-PPP HetNets.