Effect of artisanal fishing of Aulacomya atra (Mollusca: Mytilidae) on the sustainability of the resource

This research work was carried out in the coastal area of the Tacna and Moquegua region during the period 2012-2017, which allowed analyzing the effect of artisanal fishing of Aulacomya atra "choro" on the sustainability of the resource. The research was basic with a descriptive level and non-experimental research design. The method used was retrospective documentary and the descriptive and frequency statistical test. This research work was carried out in the coastal area of the Tacna and Moquegua region during the period 2012-2017, which allowed analyzing the effect of artisanal fishing of Aulacomya atra "choro" on the sustainability of the resource. The type of research was basic, with a descriptive level and a nonexperimental research design. The method used was retrospective documentary. The statistical software of SPSS 24 was used for frequency, regression and correlation analysis. The population and sample of the investigation corresponded to all the quarterly reports (files and / or forms) of the Aulacomya atra "choro" resource, in the coastal regions of Tacna and Moquegua, Peru, whose reports detail the data collected in numerical manner. The information was collected from the coastal areas of the Moquegua coast (North: Pocoma, Escoria; South: Leonas, Barracks); and Tacna (North: Punta San Pablo, Lozas; South: Quebrada de Burros, Lobera) on a quarterly basis in the six years of study, with 192 data. According to the results, the catch per unit of effort does not show changes in 90.10%, however, in the biometrics of the resource and the relative abundance if there are changes in 68.75 % and 53.13 % respectively. The artisanal fisheries of Aulacomya atra "choro" significantly influences the biometrics of the resource and the relative abundance. It was found that the artisanal fishing of "choro" significantly influenced the sustainability of the resource in coastal areas of the Tacna and Moquegua region, 2012-2017 periods.