Pressurized hot water extraction followed by high-performance liquid chromatography for determination of polyphenols in Sambucus nigra L. branches in dependence on vegetative period of the plant

Pressurized hot water extraction (PHWE) was optimized for the determination of selected polyphenols (catechin, epicatechin, rutin, quercetin and chlorogenic acid) in Sambucus nigra L. branches. Pressure 15 MPa, temperature 100 degrees C and extraction time 1 x 5 min were found to be sufficient for the extraction of target polyphenols from the matrix. Chlorogenic acid and rutin were the most abundant substances, the highest contents of them were observed in December (922 mg.kg(-1) for rutin and 108 mg.kg(-1) for quercetin).