Roles of N⁶-methyladenosine (m⁶A) RNA modifications in urological cancers

Epigenetics has long been a hot topic in the field of scientific research. The scope of epigenetics usually includes chromatin remodelling, DNA methylation, histone modifications, non-coding RNAs and RNA modifications. In recent years, RNA modifications have emerged as important regulators in a variety of physiological processes and in disease progression, especially in human cancers. Among the various RNA modifications, m(6)A is the most common. The function of m(6)A modifications is mainly regulated by 3 types of proteins: m(6)A methyltransferases (writers), m(6)A demethylases (erasers) and m(6)A-binding proteins (readers). In this review, we focus on RNA m(6)A modification and its relationship with urological cancers, particularly focusing on its roles and potential clinical applications.