NaTi2(PO4)(3)/N-Doped Hard Carbon Nanocomposites with Sandwich Structure for High-Performance Na-Ion Full Batteries

The well-matched technology of cathode and anode in Na-ion full batteries is highly challenging yet critically important in practical applications. Here, the high-performance Na-ion full batteries are developed by using NaTi2(PO4)(3)/N-doped mesoporous hard carbon hybrid anode and porous Na3V2(PO4)(3) cathode. The different anodes are designed for well-matched Na-ion full batteries. The unique sandwich and mesoporous structural features endow the hybrid anode with a high reversible capacity (240 mAh g(-1) at 1 C), high rate performance (109.7 mAh g(-1) at 100 C), ultrahigh energy/power densities (76.56 Wh kg(-1)/5104 W kg(-1)) and a long cycle-life (capacity retention of 92.1 % after 1000 cycles at 100 C) in a half cell. In a full battery this hybrid anode can also deliver a higher capacitive contribution (79.5-87.7 %) and high energy/power densities (104 Wh kg(-1)/5256 W kg(-1)). This design provides a promising pathway for developing high performance and low-cost Na-ion full batteries.