Taxonomic and medicinal survey of Lamiaceae in the hilly area of Dir Kohistan, Khyber Pakhtunkhawa, Pakistan

The local herbalists prepared different herbal drugs from different species of the selected family plant species for the treatment of different diseases. When preparing the drugs the scientific name is used during the processes of labeling of the drugs for this purpose a taxonomic survey was conducted in the study area to identify the plants to solve the problem of labeling. A total of twenty-four plant species and 18 genera of the selected family were collected from Dir Kohistan, with elevation ranges from 1300-45000 meters during 2017-2018. They were taxonomically determined, recorded the information about these native plants, and have been described for the first time in the history of this area. Because the wild plant species are scarcely distributed therefore efforts should be made to conserve them. The key objective of the present research was to file the taxonomic knowledge of plant species of the selected family. Furthermore, a key to the plant genera and species are given. The GPS (Global position system) elevation data and distribution of the species in the selected area are also discussed in this research Work. Nine targeted area were visited like Thall, Kumrat, Shahoor, Janaus Kandio, Ganshal, Jaz banda, Sundarae, Guldai were visited during blooming season from Jun-August. The study area is rich in terms of floral diversity. Local people of the area use the plant species in traditional ways for the treatment of different diseases like use for flavouring, food preservation, and medicinal purposes with potent antibacterial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antiviral, fungicides, virucides, antiparasitics, pesticides and anticancer activities which maintains or improves overall health. Since early times. Due to anthropogenic pressure and natural ruins flora of the area facing gigantic pressure of extinction.