Prevalence of stress urinary incontinence and intrinsic sphincter deficiency in patients with stage IV pelvic organ prolapse

Aim To determine the prevalence of stress urinary incontinence (SUI) and intrinsic sphincter deficiency (ISD) in women with stage IV pelvic organ prolapse. Methods Retrospective analysis of women with stage IV prolapse who underwent multichannel urodynamic testing. Abdominal leak point pressures (ALPP) and maximum urethral closure pressures (MUCP) were recorded. ISD was defined as ALPP <= 60 cm of water and/or MUCP <= 20 cm of water. Percentages were used to present the proportion of subjects diagnosed with SUI and ISD. Results A total of 145 patients met inclusion criteria. Mean age was 69 years; most patients were Caucasian (56%). Eighty-two (56%) patients were found to have SUI on urodynamic testing. Thirty-six (44%) of these were asymptomatic and identified as having occult SUI. Sixteen (19.5%) patients were diagnosed with ISD using ALPP and/or MUCP. Six (37%) of the ISD patients had at least one MUCP value <= 20 cm of water and 12 (75%) had observed leakage with at least one ALPP value <= 60 cm of water. The number of patients with leakage at ALPP <= 60 cm of water increased with increasing bladder volumes. Five ISD patients (31%) had ALPP <= 60 cm of water at 200 mL, six (37.5%) had ALPP <= 60 cm of water at 300 mL and seven (43.8%) had ALPP <= 60 cm of water at 400 mL. Conclusion Greater than 50% of patients with stage IV pelvic organ prolapse had SUI on urodynamic testing, and 20% were found to have ISD. Of the patients diagnosed with SUI, 40% were asymptomatic. These findings may assist in counseling and preoperative planning for women with stage IV prolapse.