Calcium-/Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase IV (CAMKIV): A Multifunctional Enzyme and Its Role in Various Cancer: An Update

The calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IV (CAMKIV), a multi-functional enzyme, belongs to the serine/threonine protein kinase family. It plays critical role in inflammatory response, T cell maturation, dendritic cell survival, memory consolidation, regulation of cell cycle, apoptosis, and development of neurons and male germ cells. CAMKIV activates signaling cascade and controls the activity of numerous transcription factors by phosphorylation. Overexpression and increased activity of this enzyme are linked with various types of cancer such as hepatocellular carcinoma, breast cancer, neuroblastoma, prostate cancer, and AML. CAMKIV is also associated with several syndromes like azoospermia, cerebral hypoxia, and systemic lupus. As this enzyme is overexpressed in several cancers and other human diseases, it could be a potential therapeutic target in several diseases. In this review, we tried to explore the role of CAMKIV in various cancer and immune system development and available inhibitor of CAMKIV.