An Effect of Cationic CTAB and Anionic SDS Surfactants on the Physicochemical Properties of Hydroxyapatite Nanostructures for Bone Tissue Engineering

Herein, we report the effect of different concentrations of CTAB and SDS surfactants on structural and morphological parameters of hydroxyapatite (HAp) prepared by microwave route. Structural confirmation was done by X-ray diffraction analysis and many structural components are computed. The mean values of crystallite size and crystallinity for CTAB-HAp were found to be in the range of 27-33 nm, 53-67%, however, these values for SDS-HAp are found to be in the range of 16-24 and 53-64%, respectively. These parameters showed that the crystallite size is reducing with SDS surfactants; however, the crystallinity seems to be in the same range. The crystallinity percentage confirms that both CTAB-HAp and SDS-HAp possess good crystallinity. Vibrations studies are carried out using FT-Raman and FT-IT spectroscopy and the observed vibrational modes confirm the formation of HAp. The morphology was studied through FE-SEM. FE-SEM results showed low dimensional nanorods of size within the range of 5-10 nm. The controlled morphology and small size of synthesized HAp using CTAB and SDS surfactants will make them suitable in bone cement applications as it has good ability to bond with proteins along with fragments of plaque and bacteria.