Update on Auditory Neuropathy/Dyssynchrony in Children

Purpose of Review Auditory neuropathy/dyssynchrony (AN/AD) is a form of sensorineural hearing loss characterized by the presence of cochlear outer hair cell (OHC) function and absent or abnormal auditory neural function. This article is meant to update clinicians on best practices for diagnosis and management of AN/AD. Recent Findings Exciting advances in genetics present opportunities for additional evidence to classify AN/AD based on site of lesion, and may lead to additional understanding of the pathophysiology as well as prognosis. Cochlear implantation continues to be a highly effective intervention for managing AN/AD in pediatric patients. Summary AN/AD can be a challenging condition to manage given the heterogeneity of its presentation and variety of options for management. Ultimately, clinicians must tailor treatment to the individual child which requires frequent follow-up and communication with families, educators, and other providers. Further research is needed to fully understand this disorder and advance evidence-based care for these children.