注意缺陷多动障碍与抽动障碍共病患儿的注意特征研究

目的 探讨注意缺陷多动障碍(attention deficit hyperactivity disorder,ADHD)与抽动障碍(tic disorder,TD)共病(comorbid attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and tic disorder,CAT)患儿的注意特征.方法 采用视听整合持续操作评估系统(integrated visual and auditory continuous performance test,IVA-CPT)对CAT组60例,ADHD组79例,TD组60例,正常对照组71名儿童分别进行评估.结果 CAT组的视觉反应控制商数(VRCQ)得分[(85.15±21.10)分]略高于ADHD组[(78.52±21.85)分,(P＜0.05)],其他5项结果两组比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).CAT组儿童综合控制商数(FRCQ)、听觉反应控制商数(ARCQ)、VRCQ、综合注意力商数(FAQ)、听觉注意力商数(AAQ)和视觉注意力商数(VAQ)所有6项得分[分别为(83.43±20.98)分,(86.12±19.88)分,(85.15±21.10)分,(64.88±16.88)分,(67.92±17.11)分,(67.97±20.04)分],均显著低于TD组[分别为(96.47±17.83)分,(97.50±17.62)分,(95.72±18.87)分,(85.37±18.54)分,(86.47±17.32)分,(87.43±19.89)分]及正常对照组[分别为(98.42±12.67)分,(101.50±15.39)分,(95.92±11.79)分,(99.33±12.98)分,(98.50±12.09)分,(100.00±16.12)分](P＜0.01).结论 CAT儿童存在严重的控制能力降低及注意缺陷,其注意损害主要缘于ADHD的存在.