Dose-Dense Carboplatin And Paclitaxel Versus Three Weekly Regimen In The First-Line Treatment Of Ovarian Carcinoma.

e18059 Background: The benefit of dose dense chemotherapy (ddCT) in the adjuvant treatment of ovarian carcinoma (OC) is not clear. There is one positive Japanese trial and two negative trials in non-Asian patients, which differed from the JGOG 3016 trial for the use of bevacizumab in one of them and the use of neoadjuvant CT (NCT) in half the patients in the other. In this study, we aimed to compare progression free survival (PFS) of ddCT to conventional regimen. Methods: We did a retrospective review of medical records from patients with OC treated in a Brazilian cancer center from 2007 to 2018. All patients treated with ddCT or conventional carboplatin and paclitaxel regimen (3wCT) in the first line setting were included. PFS and overall survival (OS) were compared. To address selection bias we performed a second analysis in a propensity score matched cohort. Patients were matched according to age, ECOG performance status, CA 125, stage, residual disease and histological subtype, in a 1:2 ratio. Results: A total of 615 cases were enrolled for analysis, 62 were treated with ddCT. Patients treated with ddCT presented better ECOG and more frequently presented advanced stage, high-grade serous carcinoma and residual disease ≤ 1cm. Only 10% of patients were treated with NCT in both groups. In the multivariate analysis ddCT showed a non-significant benefit over conventional CT (PFS HR 0.646, 95% CI 0.384–1.087, p = 0.10). In the propensity score matched cohort 186 patients were included, 62 treated with ddCT and 124 3wCT. Groups were well balanced. After a median follow-up of 48.1 months, median PFS was 32 (18-45.9) versus 22.7 (18.8-26.6) months, favoring dose dense treatment (p = 0.059). In the multivariate cox regression ddCT showed a 45% lower risk of progression (HR 0.55, 95% CI 0.35–0.88, p = 0.01). Overall survival data is immature, but suggested better outcomes for ddCT (NR versus 76.1 months; p = 0.02). Conclusions: There is no prospective study in a Western population with the same design as the JGOG 3016 trial. In our study, in a population with the same treatment schedules of the Japanese trial, ddCT was associated with longer PFS. This finding suggests that a weekly regimen of paclitaxel might still be a reasonable option for first-line treatment for women with advanced ovarian cancer, and should be further prospectively evaluated.