Pediatric primary orbital rhabdomyosarcoma

Abstract Introduction Orbital rhabdomyosarcoma is the most common orbital malignancy of childhood, with approximately 4 or 5 new cases per year per million children younger under 20 years of age. The most common symptom is rapidly evolving unilateral proptosis. Case presentation We report a 9-year old female who presented with a 1-month history of a rapidly growing mass in the left eyelid. She was diagnosed of stage I orbital embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma with T1N0M0, and clinical group IIA. She was treated with chemoradiotherapy according to standard protocol. Post-treatment evaluation showed a good response. No evidence of recurrence or metastasis was found upon long-term follow-up. Conclusion Orbit embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma is well responded to chemoradiotherapy. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment are the most important elements resulting in a favorable prognosis.