Next generation sequencing in animal science - a review

Next-generation sequencing (NGS), also known as high-throughput sequencing, is a novel method widely used in animal science and veterinary research. Introduction of NGS was a great breakthrough that has revolutionized the world of molecular biology techniques and animal genetics. An unquestionable advantage of NGS is connected with the almost unlimited insight into genetic information it provides. This review discusses the most important applications and achievements in animal genomics thanks to detailed sequence information. Here we present the history of sequencing and its further development. Applications of the NGS technique in whole genome sequencing, whole exome sequencing, targeted sequencing of DNA fragments and RNA sequencing in animal research are discussed.