Phase separation of co-solvent promotes multiple bio-nanomaterials conversion from natural lignocellulose

•An integrated system was developed to prepare multiple nano-biomaterials.•The valorization was designed based on the heterogeneous lignocellulosic structure.•The phase separation of the co-solvent promoted the fractionation and preparation.•Multiple bio-nanomaterials, including MFCs, LNPs, and CQDs, were achieved.