The Clinical Significance Of Sicam-1 In Differentiating Benign Breast Lesions From Breast Cancer

Objective. Breast cancer is a common type of malignant tumour worldwide and the second leading cause of death in women. The present study aims to investigate the clinical significance of serum soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) in differentiating benign breast lesions from breast cancer. Methods. Plasma samples were obtained from 200 breast cancer patients, 47 patients with benign breast lesions and 50 age- and sex-matched healthy individuals as controls. Plasma levels of sICAM-1 were measured in all the samples using commercially available enzyme-linked immune-sorbent assay (ELISA) kits. The serum levels of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and cancer antigen 15-3 (CA15-3) were detected by the UniCel (R) Dxl 800 Immunoassay System with matched kits. Results. The plasma levels of CEA and CA15-3 were 1.22 +/- 0.2 (ng/mL) and 6.39 +/- 1.5 (ng/mL) in the healthy control group, 1.40 +/- 0.3 (ng/mL) and 5.81 +/- 2.1 (ng/mL) in the benign breast lesion (BBL) group, and 5.29 +/- 0.6 (ng/mL) and 27.08 +/- 5.7 (ng/mL) in the breast cancer (BC) group. Plasma levels of CEA and CA15-3 in the BC group were significantly higher than those in the BBL and healthy control groups (all P<0.05), but the plasma levels of CEA and CA15-3 were not significantly different between the BBL group and the healthy control group, P=0.548 and P=0.2976, respectively. The diagnostic sensitivity and specificity were 13.4% and 98.0% for CEA and 22.2% and 100.0% for CA15-3. For plasma sICAM-1, the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity were 98% and 94% at a cut-off value of 20.0 (ng/mL), with an area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of 0.99, which could be used to distinguish between healthy controls and the BC group; the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity were 95.5% and 94.0% at a cut-off value of 20.0 (ng/mL) with an area under the ROC curve of 0.98, which could be used to distinguish between healthy controls and the BBL group; and the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity were 44.6% and 94.1% at a cut-off value of 40.0 (ng/mL), with an area under ROC curve of 0.68, which could be used to distinguish between the BBL group and the BC group. The plasma levels of sICAM-1 were 15.43 +/- 2.3 (ng/mL) in healthy controls, 29.8 +/- 3.5 (ng/mL) in the BBL group, and 50.07 +/- 12.2 (ng/mL) in the BC group. The plasma level of sICAM-1 in the BC group was the highest among all three groups (all P<0.05). Conclusions. The CEA, CA15-3 and sICAM-i levels were increased in breast cancer patients, especially in those with node and/or organ metastasis. After diagnosis, CEA, CA15-3 and sICAM-1 levels are closely related to tumour metastasis. sICAM-1 has great potential value in the clinical diagnosis of benign breast lesions and breast cancer.