Review of the MRI brain findings of septo-optic dysplasia

•Septo-optic dysplasia is a rare congenital brain abnormality.•Clinical and radiological findings in septo-optic dysplasia are highly variable.•More than half of septo-optic dysplasia cases had a co-existing brain abnormality.•Schizencephaly/other cortical formation abnormalities were seen in 44% of cases.•Septo-optic dysplasia may be a phenotypic end point of multiple aetiological events.