Delayed Takotsubo Syndrome - A Critical Perioperative Incident

Introduction The term Takotsubo syndrome (TTS) describes a transient ventricular dysfunction. Symptoms and complication rate are similar to those of a myocardial infarction.Medical history An 81-year-old female patient was admitted for thrombendarterectomy of the left femoral artery. Prior to a recent biological aortic valve replacement, coronary heart disease had been ruled out.Anesthetic induction and clinical findings After induction of anesthesia, relevant arterial hypotension and sinus bradycardia occurred. After catecholamine administration, transient ST segment elevations were observed, which postoperatively developed a myocardial infarction-like dynamic. Echocardiography and values of cardiac enzymes initially revealed no abnormalities.Therapy, course and diagnosis After a symptom-free interval the patient developed severe cardiac decompensation on the third postoperative day. At this point, the clinical picture of TTS was visible. Stabilisation of the clinical condition was achieved with levosimendan therapy.Conclusion Dynamic ECG changes in the perioperative situation always require differentiated diagnosis and possibly longer monitoring. TTS is a relevant differential diagnosis because it is subject to severe complications.