Ketamine selectively enhances AMPA neurotransmission onto a subgroup of identified serotoninergic neurons of the rat dorsal raphe

We conclude that ketamine and HNK increase the excitatory drive onto a subset of 5-HT neurons by promoting glutamate release and possibly also through a postsynaptic action. The effect of ketamine is dependent on NMDA receptor modulation and appears to involve a network effect. These findings improve our understanding of the fast-acting antidepressant effect of ketamine.