Two-Year Outcomes Comparing Anti-VEGF Injections to Laser for ROP Using a Commercial Claims Database.

OPHTHALMIC SURGERY LASERS & IMAGING RETINA(2020)

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摘要
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To report ocular and neurodevelopmental outcomes among infants treated for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in a nationwide health insurance claims database. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Retrospective cohort study of 298 infants treated with laser or anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) injection identified in the MarketScan database (2011-2017) with 2-year follow-up. RESULTS: A review of claims data found 298 patients with International Classification of Diseases and Common Procedural Technology codes for ROP treatment and 2 years of continuous insurance coverage. Of these, 63 infants received injections and 235 received laser. Overall, the anti-VEGF group had higher rates of underlying neurological comorbidities (35% vs. 23%; P =.05) and thrombocytopenia (17% vs. 8%; P =.02). Most ocular outcomes were similar, including retinal detachment (P =.87). There were higher rates of second procedures after injection (44% vs. 10%; P <.001). Rates of language, motor, and cognitive delays were similar. Rates of cerebral palsy were higher with injections but were not statistically significant after adjusting for comorbidities (odds ratio = 1.88; P =.10). CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of retinal detachment after 2 years was similar comparing anti-VEGF to laser. Despite the higher rates of underlying neurologic comorbidity in the injection group, there were no differences in language, motor, or cognitive delays.
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