Effects of levothyroxine sodium tablets combined with sodium selenite on autoimmune antibodies, thyroxine and t lymphocyte subsets in patients with hashimoto's thyroiditis

Objective: To investigate the effects of levothyroxine sodium tablets combined with sodium selenite on autoimmune antibodies, thyroxine and T lymphocyte subsets in patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Methods: Both groups were treated with levothyroxine sodium tablets. In addition to levothyroxine sodium tablets, the observation group was also given sodium selenite continuously for 4 months. The clinical efficacy, autoimmune antibodies levels [thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb), thyroglobulin antibody (TGAb), thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor antibody (TRAb)], thyroxine levels [free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4) and changes in T lymphocyte subsets (CD4(+), CD3(+), CD8(+), CD4(+)/CD8(+)) were monitored for all patients. The incidence of adverse reactions was then compared between the two groups. Results: The condition of the patients in both groups improved following treatment. The clinical efficacy of the study group was 95.74%, which was significantly higher than that of the control group (82.98%) (P<0.05). Moreover, the levels of TPOAb, TGAb and TRAb in both groups were significantly lower after treatment, though the decrease observed in the study group was more significant (P<0.05). After treatment, the levels of FT3 and FT4 in the control and study groups were significantly higher than those, while the levels of FT3 and FT4 were significantly higher in the study group than in the control group (P<0.05). CD4(+), CD3(+) and CD4(+)/CD8(+) levels increased greatly, while CD8(+) levels significantly decreased in the two groups after treatment, with the study group being superior to the control group (P<0.05). Notably, the patients developed adverse reactions such as dizziness and vomiting during treatment, though the symptoms unproved significantly or disappeared after the treatment, and there was no effect on the experimental results. Conclusions: Treating Hashimoto's thyroiditis with levothyroxine sodium tablets combined with sodium selenite can significantly reduce the levels of TPOAb, TGAb, TRAb, improve immune function and promote the recovery of thyroid, function with significant clinical efficacy and good safety. Therefore, this technique should be promoted in practice.