Characteristics of multi-crystals monfiguration X-ray diffraction and application in characterizing synchrotron beamline bandwidth

In this paper, the X-ray diffraction experiment with multiple crystals configuration and its application in characterizing the emission characteristics of double crystal monochromator (DCM) on BL09 beamline of Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility (SSRF) are reported. It is a non-dispersion configuration when the second crystal of DCM and the crystal analyzer form a (+n, -n) type experimental configuration. The rocking curve of the analyzer crystal can only reflect the operation of the DCM. It is the dispersion configurations when the second crystal of DCM and the crystal analyzer form the (+n, +n), (+n, -m) and (+n, +m) type experimental configuration. The width of the analyzer crystal rocking curve includes not only the intrinsic bandwidth of the DCM and the analyzer crystal, but also the angular divergence of the beamline. In this paper, we use the method of DuMond diagram to explicitly illustrate the characteristics of the output beam of the DCM which can be measured under the above two kinds of experimental configurations, and distinguish the diffraction characteristics of different experimental configurations at the same time. Finally, the angular bandwidth and the relative energy bandwidth of the DCM are 5.40(4) arcsec and1.30(1) x 10(-4) @ 10 keV, respectively, which are obtained by deconvolution of the analyzer crystal in (+1, -1) nondispersive configuration. The angular distribution and the relative energy bandwidth of the synchrotron radiation beams are 26(1) arcsec and 6.3(2) x 10(-4) @ 10 keV, respectively, which are obtained by deconvolution of the analyzer crystal and removal of dispersion broadening in (+1, +1), (+1, -3) and (+1, +3) dispersion configuration. After removing the influence of the DCM, the obtained angular divergence of the light source by 25(1) arcsec @ 10 keV, is consistent with the theoretical value of the bending source. In addition, under a series of different white beam entrance slit widths, we characterize the divergence and bandwidth of the beam emitted from the monochromator by the method of multi-crystals dispersion configuration and the DuMond diagram.