Hexagonal-Tiled Indium Tin Oxide Electrodes To Enhance Light Trapping in Perovskite Solar Cells

The photon management and light trapping could significantly improve the short-circuit photocurrent densities (J(SC)) and power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) by scattering of the light or reducing the optical losses. However, it remains challenging to fabricate the textured substrate or window layer in PSCs. In this study, hexagonal-tiled indium tin oxide (ITO) substrates are prepared by a simple and low-cost method in terms of photon management and microstructure. The hexagonal-tiled ITO surfaces not only can increase the absorption of light but also can be beneficial to extraction of interface charge. Photovoltaic device-used hexagonal-tiled ITO substrate with the suitable thickness exhibited a maximum PCE of 18.2%, with the V-oc of 1.06 V, J(SC) of 21.65 mA cm(-2), and fill factor of 0.791, which showed an encouraging improvement of over 7.2% in the J(SC) and a 7.4% enhancement in the PCE compared with the traditional ITO substrate.