Can School-Based Physical Activity Projects Such as Skipping Hearts Have a Long-Term Impact on Health and Health Behavior?
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH(2020)
Abstract
Low physical activity, limited motor skills, and an increased number of overweight or obese children are major public health problems. Numerous school-based programs try to improve physical activity and health behavior in children but investigations on sustainable effects of these programs are rare. Therefore, we examined the long-term effects of theSkipping Heartshealth promotion project. 486 children (57.7% female, 9.0 +/- 0.6 years at baseline) participated in this non-randomized controlled longitudinal trial within a follow-up period of 3.5 years. Of these, 286 subjects received a one-time 90-min workshop in rope skipping (Basic-Workshop) and 140 additionally received 10 lessons in rope skipping (Champion-Program), 78 students served as controls. Anthropometrics, blood pressure, motor skills, screen-based media use, self-assessment of physical fitness, and physical activity were collected at both measurement points; endurance capacity and health-related quality of life only at follow-up. Standard deviation scores of body-mass-index (eta(2)= 0.005) and systolic blood pressure (eta(2)= 0.006) decreased, while diastolic blood pressure(eta(2)= 0.004), motor performance (eta(2)< 0.001), physical fitness, subjective physical activity (eta(2)= 0.008), and screen-based media use (eta(2)= 0.001) increased without significant difference in development between groups (allp> 0.05). At follow-up, groups did not differ in endurance capacity (eta(2)= 0.010) and health-related quality of life (eta(2)< 0.001).Skipping Heartsdoes not affect the long-term improvement of health status, motor performance, or health behavior. To improve the effects, the project should be implemented as a daily routine in schools to force the transfer of health behavior-related knowledge. Nevertheless, the project offers a physical activity that can be performed in children's everyday life without high costs.
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Key words
physical activity,health behavior,accelerometry,body composition,long-term evaluation,children,adolescents
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