Prostatic Artery Embolization for the Treatment of Recurrent Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms following Transurethral Resection of the Prostate

Purpose: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of prostatic artery embolization (PAE) in patients with recurrent lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) who underwent a previous transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). Materials and Methods: This retrospective study analyzed 15 of 19 patients who underwent PAE for recurrent LUTS after TURP between February 2014 and April 2019. The technical and clinical success rates and complications related to the procedure were recorded. International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), quality of life (QoL), and prostatic volume (PV) were evaluated at baseline and 3- and 12-mo follow-up. Results: The intervals from TURP to recurrent symptoms and from TURP to PAE were 4.3 y +/- 3.2 and 5.6 y +/- 3.8, respectively. Technical success was achieved in all patients. The clinical success rate for LUTS relief at 12 mo was 93.3% (14 of 15). IPSS significantly reduced from 22.5 +/- 4.1 at baseline to 9.9 +/- 4.9 at 12-mo follow-up, and QoL score improved from 4.7 +/- 1.0 to 2.1 +/- 1.1 (P < .05 for both). There was a significant mean reduction of 26.6% in PV at 12 mo, improving from 100.7 cm(3) +/- 38.5 to 73.9 cm(3) +/- 29.4 (P < .05). No severe complications were encountered. Conclusions: PAE may be a safe and effective treatment option for the management of recurrent LUIS secondary to BPH in patients who have previously undergone TURP.