Update on Muller glia regenerative potential for retinal repair

Retinal regeneration efficiency from Muller glia varies tremendously among vertebrate species, being extremely limited in mammals. Efforts towards the identification of molecular mechanisms underlying Muller cell proliferative and neurogenic potential should help finding strategies to awake them and ensure regeneration in mammals. We provide here an update on the most recent and original progresses made in the field. These include remarkable discoveries regarding (i) unprecedented cross-species comparison of Muller cell transcriptome using single-cell technologies, (ii) the identification of new strategies to promote both the proliferative and the neurogenic potential of mammalian Muller cells, (iii) the role of the epigenome in regulating Muller glia plasticity, (iv) miRNA-based regulatory mechanisms of Muller cell response to injury, and (v) the influence of inflammatory signals on the regenerative process.