In vitro and in vivo Neutralizing Activity of Uvaria chamae Leaves Fractions on the Venom of Naja nigricollis in albino rat and bovine blood.
Recent patents on biotechnology(2020)
Objective: This study aimed to investigate U. chamae's potentials and identify candidates for the development of tools for the treatment and management of N. nigricollis envenomation.
Method: Freshly collected U. chamae leaves were air-dried, powdered, and extracted in methanol. The median lethal dose of the extract was determined and further fractionated with n-hexane, n-butanol and ethyl acetate. Each fraction was tested for neutralizing effect against venom-induced haemolytic, fibrinolytic, hemorrhagic, and cytotoxic activities.
Results: U. chamae fractions significantly (P<0.05) neutralized the haemolytic activity of N. nigricollis venom in nbutanol; 31.40%, n-hexane; 33%, aqueous residue; 39.60% and ethyl acetate; 40.70% at the concentration of 100mg/ml of each fraction against 10mg/ml of the snake venom when compared to the positive control. The fibrinolytic activity of N. nigricollis venom was significantly (p<0.05) neutralized in n-hexane at 73.88%, n-butanol; 72.22% and aqueous residue; 72.22% by the fractions of U. chamae. In addition, haemorrhagic activity of N. nigricollis venom was significantly (P<0.05) neutralized by U. chamae fractions at the concentrations of 100mg/ml, 200mg/ml and 400mg/ml except for nbutanol and aqueous residues at 400 mg/ml.
Conclusion: U. chamae leaves fractions possess a high level of protection against N. nigricollis venoms-induced lethality and thus validates the pharmacological rationale for its usage in the management of N. nigricollis envenomation.
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