17 Alpha-Estradiol Modulates Igf1 And Hepatic Gene Expression In A Sex-Specific Manner

Aging is the greatest risk factor for most chronic diseases. The somatotropic axis is one of the most conserved biological pathways that regulates aging across species. 17 alpha-Estradiol (17 alpha-E2), a diastereomer of 17 beta-estradiol (17 beta-E2), was recently found to elicit health benefits, including improved insulin sensitivity and extend longevity exclusively in male mice. Given that 17 beta-F2 is known to modulate somatotropic signaling in females through actions in the pituitary and liver, we hypothesized that 17 alpha-E2 may be modulating the somatotropic axis in males, thereby contributing to health benefits. I lerein, we demonstrate that 17 alpha-E2 increases hepatic insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) production in male mice without inducing any changes in pulsatile growth hormone (GH) secretion. Using growth hormone receptor knockout (GHRKO) mice, we subsequently determined that the induction of hepatic IGF1 by 17 alpha-F2 is dependent upon GH signaling in male mice, and that 17 alpha E2 elicits no effects on IGF1 production in female mice. We also determined that 17 alpha-E2 failed to feminize the hepatic transcriptional profile in normal (N) male mice, as evidenced by a clear divergence between the sexes, regardless of treatment. Conversely, significant overlap in transcriptional profiles was observed between sexes in GHRKO mice, and this was unaffected by 17 alpha-E2 treatment. Based on these findings, we propose that 17 alpha-E2 acts as a pleiotropic pathway modulator in male mice by uncoupling IGF1 production from insulin sensitivity. In summary, 17 alpha-E2 treatment upregulates IGF1 production in wild-type (and N) male mice in what appears to be a GH-dependent fashion, while no effects in female IGF1 production are observed following 17 alpha-E2 treatment.